Comanagement of clams in Brazil: a framework to advance comparison

نویسندگان

  • Ligia M. Rocha
  • Evelyn Pinkerton
چکیده

In Brazil, the recognition that fisheries encompass both natural ecosystems and human well-being has increased, but initiatives are focused largely on highly-valued species, ignoring socially relevant resources such as Venus clams (Anomalocardia brasiliana). We investigate two initiatives involving comanagement of Venus clams in the past two decades: the Marine Extractive Reserve "Pirajubaé" and the "People of the Tides" project. We focus on the nature of the institutional arrangements, the involved groups (fishing communities and government), and the resource, as well as the steps involved in developing the partnerships, identifying which factors favor success in comanagement. Through these projects, fisherwomen got visibility and clam harvesters became the center of institutional developments. However, their rights in management will not become meaningful unless comanagement in protected areas is fully implemented, and government becomes more willing to share power in harvest planning, and to improve health, infrastructure, and the return of value to fisher families. Only then would such cooperation promote sustainability for Venus clams and fisher families. RESUMEN. Los invertebrados marinos bentónicos son una fuente de alimentos e ingresos para los pescadores artesanales de América Latina. Sin embargo, todavía hay relativamente escasas investigaciones sobre la gestión de estos recursos. Si bien el reconocimiento de la pesca como un sistema marino socio-ecológico ha aumentado en la última década en Brasil, las iniciativas se han centrado en gran medida tanto en especies de alto valor como recursos sobreexplotadas, dedicando escasos esfuerzos a moluscos bivalvos socialmente relevantes como la Almeja venus (Anomalocardia brasiliana). En este trabajo se investigaron dos iniciativas brasileñas que involucran al co-manejo de la Almeja venus en las últimas dos décadas: la primera Reserva de Extracción Marina (REM) de Pirajubaé y el proyecto "People of the Tides". Basamos nuestro trabajo en el análisis de las condiciones que favorecen el éxito del co-manejo, incluyendo el marco institucional gubernamental, los recursos marinos y las comunidades pesqueras involucradas. Nuestros resultados muestran que si bien los recursos sedentarios como las almejas pueden favorecer las iniciativas de co-manejo, alcanzar el éxito no resulta una tarea fácil de alcanzar. El papel de las mujeres pescadoras ha sido reconocido y los pescadores se han convertido en el centro de las actividades, pero sus derechos en la gestión de los recursos marinos serán reconocidos una vez que las áreas marinas protegidas se implementen de forma plena, el gobierno tenga una mayor implicación y disponibilidad de compartir el poder, las actividades de extracción y sus actividades relacionadas sean incluidas y las familias de los pescadores obtengan beneficios tangibles. Sólo entonces las iniciativas de cooperación para promover la sostenibilidad de este molusco bivalvo tendrán éxito.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Catastrophic Impact of Red Tides of Cochlodinium polykrikoides on the Razor Clam Solen dactylus in Coastal Waters of the Northern Persian Gulf

A Cochlodinium polykrikoides red tide occurred in northern coastal waters of the Persian Gulf which killed million tons of fish and benthic animals. This study reports high mortality rate of Solen dactylus (razor clam) populations on the Golshahr coast of Bandar Abbas to show that management and monitoring plans are necessary to prevent future mass mortalities. Specimens of S. dactylus were col...

متن کامل

Human Rights Diplomacy: Case Study of Brazil

Human rights diplomacy is considered as a consequence of globalization. While many norms and issues are extensively globalized, nonetheless they can be implemented based on cost and benefit analysis (i.e. maximization of benefits and minimization of costs). States have to take their responsibility of human rights by demonstrating their responsiveness towards their people, international organiza...

متن کامل

Metal concentrations in razor clam Solen dactylus (Von Cosel, 1989) (Bivalvia: Solenidae), sediments and water in Golshahr coast of Bandar Abbas, Persian Gulf

 In a complementary field study, the concentrations of some metals (Cu, Ag, Pb, Zn, Ni, Co, Mn, Fe, As, Cd, Cr, Mg and Ba) were measured in clam Solen dactylus, sediments and water collected at two stations (Park-e-Qadir, 56° 20/ E, 27° 11/ and Nakhl-e-Nakhoda, 56° 23/ E, 27° 10/ N) of Bandar Abbas coastal waters of the Persian Gulf in November 2008 and February 2009 showing different contamina...

متن کامل

Essential Drugs Production in Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS): Opportunities and Challenges

The objective of this work is to elucidate various essential drugs in the Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS) countries. It discusses the opportunities and challenges of the existing biotech infrastructure and the production of drugs and vaccines in member states of the BRICS. This research is based on a systematic literature review between the years 2000 and 2014 of documents...

متن کامل

Control chart based on residues: Is a good methodology to detect outliers?

The purpose of this article is to evaluate the application of forecasting models along with the use of residual control charts to assess production processes whose samples have autocorrelation characteristics. The main objective is to determine the efficiency of control charts for individual observations (CCIO) and exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) charts when they are applied to res...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره   شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2015